River Indus and its tributaries Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej flow in this region. Due to very efficient and effective irrigation system, the plains of river Indus are famous throughout the world for its irrigation system and agricultural wealth.
A network of canals, railways and roads has been laid throughout, which has changed the semi-desert outlook into a lush green one. Still there are some semi-desert areas to which the irrigation system has not yet been extended. These include Thar and Cholistan deserts. It has neither roads nor railways and is very underdeveloped.
The irrigation system has on the one hand brought prosperity and development while on the other it has brought in its wake the twin problems of water logging and salinity.