Modern States are too large to be administered by a ruler or a government, dwelling at the capital. They have to be divided and subdivided into a number of administrative areas, which are variously called provinces, States, cantons, departments, counties, etc., and their subdivisions, called districts, tehsils, etc.
Each of these divisions and subdivisions has its own body of administrative officials and departments, called the Provincial and Local Government officers and departments, as distinguished from those of the Central Government at the capital.
The relations between the Provincial and Central Governments can be organised in two different ways, which give us two kinds of States, viz., unitary and federal.